Technology and economy

In his book Nomads of South Persia, Frederik Barth (1967) descibes the social, political and economic organise of the Basseri tribal group. This essay aims to summarize the details on the environment, technology, shelter, transportation, economy, and distribution and expenditure of goods and services of the Basseri people as explicated by Barth (1961).First of all, the Basseri common people of the Khamseh Confederacy occupies the arena from the Persian Gulf to the desert ranges of Lar. The climate in these areas is hot and dry. However, during winter it is cold in the highlands while it is slightly cold in the grasslands. there are four seasons of the year such as winter, spring, summer, and fall in this part of the world.The geographical structure of the land is mountainous from 2,000 to 3, 000 feet above sea level and its mountains are as high as 13, 000 feet. Water in this area comes from rainfall. The nitty-gritty of rainfall is higher during the winter unlike the amount of rainfall during spring. This water causes vegetation such as sugar throw oute, dates, fruits and vegetables to grow. These foods unitedly with flour are consumed by the Basseri people.As nomads, the Basseri tribe raises fleshlys such as sheep, goats, donkeys, camels and horses. This animal husbandry causes them to move from one place to another based on the needs of their animals. These animals bear varied uses for the tribe. Goats and sheep are useful to the Basseri people for their milk, meat, fleece and skin. On the other hand, camels, horses and donkeys are employ for transportation especially during the era of migration. In addition to this, camels share a part of the tribes source of fleece.Even when the Baserri social group is nomadic, it uses technology in the form of its tools and systems. star system is in making butter and buttermilk out of sour milk. This growth is done by storing milk in a goatskin placed on a tripod to churn milk into sour milk. Next is the use of wool in weaving and making of ropes. Another is when wool is processed by spinning it on spindle whorl. Lastly, a technology they utilize in continuously producing healthy milk is by placing a small stand by through the mouth of a lamb to press down its language and is stuck in place with stings (Barth, 1961, 7).Likewise, the Basseri people live in tents which are considered the radical social and economic unit of the tribe. The tents are well-made and are weave out of wool. Tents are usually made when a man and a woman gets married. The mothers of the couple are the ones who weave the tent. Then, the couple begins their lives as a separate unit when they live in the tent.In addition, the Basseri use donkeys, horses and camels for transportation. Donkeys are used to carry women and children. Horses are ridden by men. Camels transport heavy objects or things. Consequently, when it is quantify for the Basseri to move out from one location to another, they use animals as representation of transportation. These animals are the camels, horses and donkeys. When they migrate, the family members ride on the donkeys, camels or horses which are already oppressed with the familys belongings while one family member walks by arse in order to guide their herd of animals. Barth (1961) does not mention about the Basseri tribe travelling on water maybe because they are essentially land-based.Furthermore, the Basseris economy is based on their cyclical migratory patterns. They are known to be pastoralists for they move to the high lands during the summer season and they transferral to the plains during the winter season collectable to the presence or absence of herbage that their animals need (Microsoft Student). As previously mentioned, they raise sheep, goats, camels, donkeys and horses which are done by the male members of the tribe.The women, alternatively, are the ones who plant vegetation. The grade of labor in the tribe is grounded on the age and sex of the person. However, there are certain assigns which are stereotypical to gender. Domestic work in the form of household chores is the task only for the girls and women of the tribe. These tasks may be preparing food, washing dishes, washing clothes, spinning wool and weaving tents. On the other side, boys and men are mainly charge to provide water and wool, and to repair damaged equipment and tents. They also watch oer the herd and they lead their animals and their family when migrating. They might be allowed to help prepare food, or wash clothes but are not allowed to participate in spinning or weaving.Just like any economic system, the people of the tribe distribute goods and services within its constituents. It employs a system of reciprocity where everyone whole works and contributes for the mutual benefit of everyone in the tribe. The distribution of goods and services similar to the division of labor starts within each household. In the family, each member, dependi ng on the gender, has a task to accomplish and this task has an implication to economy. For example, when women or men milk the sheep, there is an effect to their economy or when the men look afterwards the herd. There is also distribution of goods or services to outsiders as they handicraft off externally to other tribes and other markets. They also purchase or trade clothing materials, ready-made clothing and footwear, cooking tools, and glass (Barth, 1961, 9-10).Finally, the Basseri ethnic group is an egalitarian society because they do not put tenseness on material goods or wealth especially that they do not have a permanent place to stay. Their concept of wealth and holding is focused on the livestock that a family possesses. They consume the meat of sheep and jaundiced and milk from the sheep.To sum it up, the Basseri tribal people dwell in areas where their animals can find pasture and they move out when this is no longer available. They have their own economic system an d they use low technology. They are also not too concerned about their economic status due to their migratory life.ReferencesBarth, F. (1961). Nomads of South Persia. Waveland Press Long Grove, IL.Pastoralism. (2007). Microsoft Student 2008 DVD. Redmond, WA Microsoft Corporation.